What if the excavator moves slowly? 5 common causes and solutions

As the core equipment of engineering construction, the operation efficiency of excavator directly affects the construction progress and cost. If the excavator is found to be slow and insensitive during operation, it is necessary to check the cause and solve the problem in time. This article will focus on "analysis of the causes of slow excavator action" and "maintenance methods of slow excavator action", and give you a detailed explanation of 5 common causes and targeted solutions to help quickly restore equipment performance.

First, hydraulic system failure: the primary cause of slow action
The hydraulic system is the "power heart" of the excavator, and its failure is the most common factor causing slow movement.
1. Insufficient or polluted hydraulic oil
Reason: low hydraulic oil level will lead to pump suction, insufficient pressure; Oil contamination (such as mixed water, impurities) can clog the oil circuit or wear hydraulic components.
Solution: Check the hydraulic oil level regularly and add it to the standard scale in time; Replace the hydraulic oil and filter element according to the maintenance cycle to ensure that the oil is clean.

2. Hydraulic pump or control valve wear
Reason: Long-term high load operation of hydraulic pump may lead to internal plunger, valve plate wear, control valve spool stuck or wear will affect the hydraulic oil flow.
Solution: Use a professional detector to measure the pressure of the hydraulic pump, if it is lower than the rated value, it needs to be disassembled, repaired or replaced; Clean or replace worn control valve spool to ensure smooth oil flow.

Second, insufficient engine power: indirectly caused slow action
As the power source of the hydraulic system, the performance of the engine directly affects the operation efficiency of the excavator.
1. Fuel system problem
Cause: Clogged fuel filters, carbon deposits in the fuel injection nozzle or faulty fuel pumps can lead to insufficient fuel supply and reduced engine output power.
Solution: Replace the fuel filter regularly, clean the fuel nozzle, check the fuel pump pressure, and repair or replace it if necessary.

2. The intake system is not smooth
Reason: The blockage of the air filter will reduce the intake of the engine, resulting in insufficient combustion and insufficient power.
Solution: Clean or replace the air filter to ensure that the intake channel is smooth; Check whether the turbocharger is working properly and repair the leakage problem in time.

Third, circuit failure: the invisible killer that affects signal transmission
Circuit problems can cause a delay or interruption of the operating signal, which in turn can cause slow movement.
1. The sensor is faulty
Cause: The failure of the hydraulic oil temperature sensor and pressure sensor will transmit the wrong signal to the control system and affect the power regulation of the hydraulic pump.
Solution: Use a multimeter to detect the resistance of the sensor and replace the damaged sensor; Recalibrate control system parameters to ensure signal accuracy.

2. The circuit is aging or in poor contact
Reason: aging of the line, loose joints or corrosion will lead to unstable current transmission, affecting the normal operation of the solenoid valve or the motor.
Solution: Thoroughly check the circuit, replace the aging wiring harness, tighten the loose joints, clean the corroded parts and do a good job of insulation.

Fourth, mechanical wear: the direct cause of the movement of the delay
Wear of mechanical components increases resistance to movement, resulting in slower movement.
1. Cylinder or piston rod wear
Cause: Internal strain of the cylinder and aging of the piston rod seal will lead to hydraulic oil leakage and reduce the thrust of the cylinder.
Solution: disassemble the cylinder for inspection, repair the strained part or replace the piston rod; Replace worn seals to ensure cylinder tightness.

2. Pin and bushing wear
Reason: Excessive wear of pins and bushings in articulated parts such as boom and bucket rod will lead to excessive clearance and stuttering during operation.
Solution: Add grease regularly to reduce wear; If the wear is serious, replace the pins and bushings to restore the fitting accuracy of the parts.

5, improper operation habits and maintenance: accelerate the deterioration of equipment performance
Improper operation and maintenance habits will accelerate the aging of the equipment and cause slow action.
1. Long-term overload operation
Reason: Overloading excavation or frequent use of compound action will cause the engine and hydraulic system to be in a high load state for a long time, accelerating wear.
Solution: strictly follow the rated load of the equipment to avoid overload; Reasonable planning of work flow, reduce unnecessary compound actions.

2. Maintenance is not timely
Cause: Failure to replace the oil, filter element or check key components on time will lead to the accumulation of hidden faults and ultimately affect the efficiency of the operation.
Solution: Develop a strict maintenance plan, replace the oil and filter periodically, and regularly check the status of the hydraulic system, engine and mechanical parts.

Conclusion: Quick investigation, accurate repair
The reasons for the slow movement of excavators are complex and diverse, and systematic investigation should be carried out according to specific symptoms. Through the five common causes and solutions such as "hydraulic system failure" and "insufficient engine power" sorted out in this paper, together with the technical guidance of "maintenance methods for slow excavator action", it can help operators and maintenance personnel to quickly locate problems and take targeted measures to ensure efficient operation of equipment. If you encounter a complex fault, it is recommended to contact a professional maintenance team in time to avoid greater losses due to delayed processing.

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